Resources

Our Work @Penn     

• Penn and Slavery Project
•  Learn More about Penn Medical School’s Connections to Slavery:  Penn and Slavery Project Symposium, April 2019. See here for a transcript of the symposium panel. 
• Penn Medicine and the Afterlives of Slavery Project Institutional History Timeline
• Black Philadelphians in the Samuel George Morton Cranial Collection
• Bias, Brains, and Skulls Tracing the Legacy of Scientific Racism in the Nineteenth-Century Works of Samuel George Morton and Friedrich Tiedemann, Paul Wolff Mitchell, Affiliate Graduate Student Fellow
• The Fault in His Seeds: Lost Notes to the Case of Bias in Samuel George Morton's Cranial Race Science, Paul Wolff Mitchell, Affiliate Graduate Student Fellow
• Brittany Farr, Affiliate Postdoctoral Fellow, "Gender Problems in the Law and Medicine of Slavery"
• Christopher Willoughby, Visiting Postdoctoral Fellow, "How Penn Professors Racialized American Anatomy: A Brief History"
• Nwamaka Eneanya, Wei Yang, Peter Philip Reese, Journal of the American Medical Association, "Reconsidering the Consequences of Using Race to Estimate Kidney Function"
• Nina Wade, Affiliate Medical Student Research Fellow, "Beyond “Bias Awareness:” How can we “do no harm” when what we are taught is harmful?"
•  Nina Wade, Affiliate Medical Student Research Fellow, eGFR and Race: A Study in Inaccuracy
• Kristina Dortche,  Affiliate Medical Student Research Fellow  and Zonía Moore, Volunteer Medical Student Research Fellow, "Race and Medicine: Final Report"
• Penn Medicine’s Commitment to Health Equity, featured at the 2019 APHA Meeting in Philadelphia 
• Christina Amutah, B.A., Kaliya Greenidge, Adjoa Mante, A.B., Michelle Munyikwa, Ph.D., Sanjna L. Surya, B.A., Eve Higginbotham, M.D., David S. Jones, M.D., Ph.D., Risa Lavizzo-Mourey, M.D., M.B.A., Dorothy Roberts, J.D., Jennifer Tsai, M.D., M.Ed., and Jaya Aysola, M.D., D.T.M.H., M.P.H., "Misrepresenting Race — The Role of Medical Schools in Propagating Physician Bias"
• Michael Yudell, Dorothy Roberts, Rob DeSalle, Sarah Tishkoff, 70 signatories, "NIH must confront the use of race in science"
• Dorothy Roberts, "Abolish Race Correction,"
• Harald Schmidt, Dorothy E Roberts, Nwamaka D Eneanya, "Rationing, Racism, and Justice: Advancing the Debate Around ‘Colourblind’ COVID-19 Ventilator Allocation" 

Health Consequences of Slavery (Popular Online Articles)

• Reparations for slavery and genocide should be used to address health inequities
• The Disturbing Resilience of Scientific Racism
• The Public Health Legacy of Slavery
• Myths about physical racial differences were used to justify slavery — and are still believed by doctors today
• How Racism Creeps Into Medicine
• ‘Race Correction’ in Medicine: A History of Lung Function Measurements
• Spirometry: A built-in ‘correction’ for race   

Critiques of Race-Based Medicine (Popular Online Articles)

• What Role Should Race Play in Medicine?
• Buried Alive: the Concept of Race in Science
• Taking race out of human genetics
• You can’t tell a book by its cover — or a disease by Drake’s race
• What Doctors Should Ignore: Science has revealed how arbitrary racial categories are. Perhaps medicine will abandon them, too.